Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology

Research project presents ways of overcoming future immigration challenges

The European Commission is currently negotiating with Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Mauritania to ensure that refugees do not even reach Europe's external borders - a current example of how the EU is outsourcing its responsibility for migration to third countries. Cooperation like this is increasingly taking place on an informal level. In an interview, legal scholar Luc Leboeuf from the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology talks about the risks, but also the opportunities that such agreements bring with them.

The yearbook of the Max Planck Society collects the greatest science from last year

How do moral and ethical convictions affect local economies and impact global capitalism? This is the fundamental question driving the projects of the new Max Planck Cambridge Centre for Ethics, Economy and Social Change.

Extreme mining, huge dams, spreading infrastructure: when economic development endangers the habitat and culture of Indigenous and other local communities, environmental rights appear to offer a solution. But how can such human rights or rights of nature really help? A legal and anthropological research team from the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology seeks answers in Mongolia, Ethiopia, Ecuador, and Colombia.

Astronomical observatories mostly require remote locations where human disruption is not a factor. That is why many are located in African countries. However, most of the research takes place in the global north. For a country like Madagascar, the prospect of hosting an observatory can nonetheless set education and science into motion, according to findings by Hanna Nieber of the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology.

The day-to-day life of the Wodaabe, a traditionally nomadic population group in Niger, has never involved staying in one place for long. But since the 1980s, an increasing number of them have begun to settle in cities to work. Florian Köhler, a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology in Halle, has observed the effects this has had on the lives of the Wodaabe.

In Germany’s diverse society, law and order are not just overseen by the police and the courts. There are communities that have their own means of settling disputes: family clans with foreign roots, for instance, but also motorcycle gangs and so-called Reichsbürger (Reich citizens), who turn their back on the modern German state and long for a return of the days of empire. Hatem Elliesie of the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology in Halle and Clara Rigoni of the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Crime, Security, and Law are studying this phenomenon.

Terrorism awakens fear and anxiety. We feel particularly helpless because the perpetrators‘ actions seem so incomprehensible. But there is actually a certain logic behind the actions of terrorist groups. Carolin Görzig and her group at the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology in Halle have set themselves the task of discovering the rules by which terrorists act. Their findings are shedding more light on the enigma of terrorist plots.

A paradigm shift is changing how development policy is understood: with the help of experimental methods, evidence-based, international development cooperation strives to identify and quantitatively assess the effects of development interventions. My research project looks at what these changes mean for local communities in Western Kenya and examines how actors perceive these experimental methods.

Sleep research is booming. With the help of apps and sleep laboratories, sleep seems to have become measurable. New pharmaceuticals and medical technologies promise to give us control over sleep. But how do these new worlds of knowledge affect the experience of sleep, especially for those who yearn for good sleep but fail to achieve it? What is the relationship between subjectively experienced and objectively measured sleep? What happens to sleep at the interface of human and machine? The project draws attention to the dilemmas of sleep knowledge production. 

The refugee crisis, the environmental crisis, the coronavirus crisis – in recent years Europe has found itself in the thrall of transformation processes that are creating enormous rifts within society. But what are the socio-cultural roots that nourish such fragmentation? Why are more and more people choosing to identify with political ideologies that threaten the very foundations of liberal value systems? The research group “Alpine Histories of Global Change” examines these questions as they investigate the origins of ideas of belonging and alienation.

China’s minorities policy draws no distinction between tiny groups that can be exoticized through folklore and peoples such as Tibetans, Mongols and Uyghurs with long civilizational histories. The condition of the Uyghurs improved in the 1980s, but deteriorated rapidly thereafter. The ”freedoms” of socialist market economy have rendered minority citizens second-class and put them under extreme pressure to assimilate. We document these macro-level developments on the basis of rural field research in the oasis of Qumul/Hami between 2006 and 2013.

More and more people are becoming unhoused and dependent on state support. My research addresses the need to include basic human rights in the development of a tailor-made aid system. Ethnographic research with those affected shows that fundamental rights to privacy and intimacy are linked to tenancy-protected housing and can therefore not be fully enjoyed by people without such housing. This knowledge about the life of unhoused people can be used to ensure respect for fundamental rights and to enhance the effectiveness of the aid system.